Trigger mechanism for guns.



No. 821,557. PATENTED MAY 22, 1906.

K. VULLER. TRIGGER MECHANISM FOR GUNS.

APPLIOATIOH FILED AUG. 22, 1904.

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K. VGLLER. TRIGGER MECHANISM FOR GUNS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 22, 1904.

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METALLVVAREN-UND MASOHINENFABRIK, OF DUSSELDORF-DEREN- v DORF, GERMANY.

TRIGGER MECHANISM FOR GUNS- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 22, 1906,

Application filed August 22, 1904-.- Serial No. 221.768.

To all whom, it may concern.

Be it known that I, KARL VoLLER, engineer, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at 47 Julicherstrasse, Dusseldorf, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Trig Guns, and I do hereby eclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention relates to the trigger mechanism of guns, and more especially to that kind of such mechanisms in which the action of the same lever or trigger effects the compression or cocking of the spring actuating the firing bolt or pin and also the release of the same. The main peculiarity of this kind of trigger mechanism is this that, after firing, the mechanism automatically returns into the normal positionthat is, the positioninwhich it is readyfor firing-every time it is released. In mechanisms of th s kind hitherto two springs were usually employed, of which the one served the purpose of projecting the firin -pin forward against the percussion-cap in t e base of the cartridge, while the other had for its object to reset the mechanism into its normal position after firing or after every partial retraction of the trigger.

My present invention consists in an 1mproved arrangement of the parts of such mechanism by which the necessity of using this second spring is obviated, the resetting of the mechanism as well as the firing action both being operated by a single spring. More especially the invention consists in making the rest upon whichthe spring actuating the firing-pin bears yielding instead of rigid and in providing means for transmitting the reaction of the said spring upon such yielding rest to the trigger, which is thus reset to its normal position by the said reaction.

My invention presents the further advantages, as used in connection with the type of breech mechanism shown in the accompanying drawings, of simplicity of construction and ease of assembling and dismantling to re place or repair injured or broken parts as compared with earlier attempts to combine with the trigger-setting mechanism means for simultaneously compressing the firing-pin spring.

er Mechanism for proved tions. Fig. 4 is a detail, and Fig. 5 is a view, of the complete mechanism seen from below.

letters of reference in all the figures.

B is the barrel of the un, which is shown broken off just in front 0% the breech.

O is a cartridge shown in the operative position. V

D is the usual wedge-shaped breechblock. The breech-block D contains a cylindrical bore f,

when the breech-block is adjustedfor firing. The bore f serves as a guide for the firing-pin f and the bolt or firing-pin proper, f secured to the inside of said sleeve by means of a screw-thread, as shown in the drawings, or by any other approved means. Surrounding the pin f 3 and inside the sleeve f 2 is placed a spring 9, which serves to project the pin forward whencompressed and released, and thus usual manner in the center of the base of the cartridge-case O. The sleeve f is provided at its lower side with a projecting shoulder e.

the cocking-pawl d, pivotally supported by the compression-lever c.

with the cocking-pawl d; The trigger a'is pivoted on a fixed pin 6, secured in the breech-block, and is also pivotally connected to the lever c.

The operation of .be understood, since constituted forms the subject-matter of my prior patent, No. 740,716; When the trigger is drawn, the lever c is swung into the posi tion shown in Fig. 2 and the firing-pin f is cocked or retracted. By a further down ward pull on the trigger the pawl 'c is tripped, as shown in Fig. 3, and the firing-pin is con sequently projected forward by its spring g. Thus far the herein-described mechanism'is these parts is assumedto present invention. These means for'cockmg and releasing the firing-pin are arranged in an elongated recess m, extending at substan-' tially right angles to the bore f containing the Of the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 to 3 are vertical sections showing my imtrigger mechanism in different posi- The same parts are indicated by the same the center line of which coincides with the center line of the main bore of the gun'j to explode the percussion-cap placed in the This shoulder cooperates with a projection on A second pawl c, likewise pivotally supported by 'c, cooperates This consists of ahollow cylinder or sleeve the mechanism thereby known and does not of itself form part of my firing-pin to the lower outer side of the breechblock. It will thus be seen that upon the removal of the pivot b the trigger a and the cocking and releasing mechanism can be withdrawn bodily from the recess m for cleaning, repair, or renewal, and as easily restored into operative relation to the firing pm. This is fully set out andclaimed in my patent referred to, and is only of importance here as making clear the problem to be solved in combining these advantageous features of construction with the compression of the firing-pin spring.

The trigger a, is rovided with a cam-surface, as at 76, an this cam-surface bears against a corres onding surface on the lower end of a lever 75 pivoted at '21. The lever h extends upward beyond its pivot, and its upper end h is laced opposite the rear end of the recess or ore f in the breech-block containing the firing-pin Thus the rear end of the spring 9 instead of pressing against a stationary rest is made to bear agamst the upper arm h of the lever h, and thereby the pressure of the spring is transmitted through lever h to the cam-surface k of the trigger a. The operation of this arrangement is as follows: When the trigger is drawn, not only is the firing-pin cocked, but the cam-surface is also acts upon the lower arm of the lever h, forcing it backward, as illustrated in Fig. 2. Since the pin 71 is fixed, the upper end of the lever h is forced forward, and the spring g is thereby compressed to a somewhat greater extent than would be the case if it bore against a stationary rest. When the pawl c is tripped, the first action of the spring 9 is to project the firing-pin forward, as shown in ig. 3, because there is no resistance to this movement. The point of the firing-pin enters the cartridge and explodes the percussion-cap. As soon as the pin has reached the forward end of its bore, however, it forms a stationary rest for the forward end of the spring g, and the whole force of that spring is therefore now brought to bear upon the upper end of the lever h. This upper arm h is forced backward and the lower arm correspondingly forward, and the latter, by means of the cam-surface cooperating with the camsurface 7c on the trigger a, resets the latter. The trigger in being reset simultaneously acts to reset the other parts, so that now the whole mechanism is again in its initial posi tion. (Illustrated in Fig. 1.)

The preferred shape of the lever it will be seen in Fig. 4, in which it is separately illustrated, and Fig. 5 shows the respective positions of the parts as seen from below. I wish it, however, to be understood that my invention is not strictly confined to the special means and shapes of parts illustrated, since any expert will be able to substitute various modifications without altering the nature of my Invention.

As combined with the particular form of cocking and releasing mechanism illustrated in the drawings, however, the invention pre sents the advantages that by arranging the lever h as a straight lever in a straight channel or recess alongside and parallel to the recess containing. the cooking and releasing mechanism, mounting the trigger and its mechanism on the single removable pivot Z), and mounting the lever h on its pivot i there is obtained a peculiarly compact and simple firing mechanism which is correspondingly efficient and reliable in operation, not liable to disarrangement, and one remarkably easy to dismantle and to reassemble. If, for instance, it is desired to remove the firing-pin for cleaning or to renew a broken spring g or point f the lever 7L is pressed forward, compressing-the spring, its pivot unseated, and it is withdrawn downward, when the firing-pin, sleeve, spring, &c., are free to be taken out to the rear, as will be seen from Fig. 1. When the pivot b is removed, the trigger a and the cocking and releasing mechanism may also be withdrawn. Thus by the removal of two pivots all of the movable parts of the breech block which pertain to the firing are removed and made accessible and are as easily replaced by a reversal of the operation.

By arranging the firing-spring g to bear directly upon the end of the lever h a multiplicity of parts is avoided, and a larger spring and pin can be used than could otherwise be the case without enlarging the cavity, and thus weakening the breech-block.

It has been a disadvantage common to pre vious attempts to combine a spring-compressing mechanism with known forms of trigger mechanism that the result was a complicated mechanism, liable to disarrangement, diflicult to dismantle and to reassemble, and occupying too large a portion of the breechblock, with a consequent weakening. This I have avoided by the peculiarities of constructions shown.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that What I claim is 1. In trigger mechanism for guns, the combination, with a firing-pin, a coiled spring operating in the direction of its axis only and serving to project said pin forward, a trigger, and means for cooking and releasing the firing-pin when the trigger is drawn, of a lever serving as a rear abutment for the spring and adapted to transmit the force of the spring to the trigger and thereby to reset the same to its normal position.

2. In trigger mechanism for guns, the combination, with a firing-pin, a spring adapted to project the pin forward, a trigger, and means for cooking and releasing the said firing-pin when the trigger is drawn, of a lever inserted directly between the rear end of the said spring, and a cam-surface on said trigger.

3. In trigger mechanism for guns, the combination, with a firing-pin, a coiled spring operating in the direction of its axis only and serving to project said pin forward, a trigger, and means for cooking and releasing said firing-pin when said trigger is drawn, of a lever having two arms and a fixed pivot, one arm of said lever bearing directly against the rear end of said spring and the other arm of said lever bearing against a cam-surface on said trigger, the whole mounted in a breech-block having an opening to the rear in line with the spring.

4. In trigger mechanism for guns, the combination, with a firing-pin, a spring for projecting said pin, a trigger rocking on a fixed pivot and provided with a cam-surface, means for cocking and releasing said firingpin when said trigger is drawn, of a substan tially straight lever rocking on another fixed pivot alongside the cocking and releasing mechanism and having two arms one of which is provided with a cam-surface adapted to cooperate with the cam-surface on the trigger and the other of which bears directly against the rear end of the said spring.

5v In a trigger mechanism for guns, the

combination, with a firing-pin, a spring arranged to project said pin forward, a trigger, and means arranged in a substantially straight recess for cocking and releasing the firing-pin when the trigger is drawn, of a substantially strai ht lever arranged in a recess parallel to the first recess, one arm of said lever serving as a rear abutment for the spring and the other arm bearing against the trigger.

6. In a trigger mechanism for guns, the combination, with a firing-pin, a spring arranged to project said pin forward, a trigger, and means arranged in a substantially straight recess extending transversely of the of two witnesses.

KARL VOLLER. Witnesses:

WILLIAM ESSENWEIN, PETER LIEBER. 

